Service
Anal Fistula Treatment
An anal fistula is an abnormal tunnel between the anal canal and surrounding skin. It commonly develops after an anal abscess and usually requires surgical treatment.
Overview
An anal fistula is an abnormal tunnel between the anal canal and surrounding skin. It commonly develops after an anal abscess and usually requires surgical treatment.
Symptoms
Symptoms may include recurrent pus or blood discharge, pain, swelling, a recurrent boil, irritation, foul-smelling discharge, fever, or repeated abscesses.
Causes
Most fistulas follow an anal abscess. Other causes can include infection of anal glands, Crohn's disease, tuberculosis in selected cases, previous surgery, trauma, or other inflammatory conditions.
Diagnosis
Assessment may include examination, digital rectal examination, proctoscopy, MRI of the pelvis for complex fistulas, and other investigations when clinically indicated.
Treatment
Most fistulas need surgery. Options may include laser-assisted treatment, fistulotomy, seton placement, sphincter-preserving procedures, and management of associated infection or abscess.
Recovery
Advice may include local hygiene, prescribed medication, sitz baths, fibre, hydration, avoiding constipation, and scheduled follow-up.